Why the U.S. Lacks Rare Earth Mining Know-How-and What Must Be Done
The U.S. faces critical challenges in rare earth supply chain independence, requiring comprehensive education, investment, and strategic partnerships across mining, processing, and manufacturing.

- The United States remains dangerously underprepared in rare earth elements, with China dominating the entire supply chain from mining to magnet production.
- Critical gaps exist across upstream (mining), midstream (refining), and downstream (manufacturing) sectors, requiring significant investment in education and infrastructure.
- Solving the rare earth challenge demands a holistic approach focused on building knowledge, training workforce, and creating integrated industrial capabilities.